I'm reasonably sure this is the foundation and not the "Indian Barns mentioned in the text:
“The Stephen
Talkhouse Pharoah house was used by Pharoah later in his life. The
house featured two “Indian barns” as food storage, and a footpath
toward Bridgehampton on it’s edge.
The foundation remains today, but the house may have
been a wood cabin during its use…The shallow pits to the north of the foundation, known
locally as, “Indian barns,” were most likely covered with woven thatch and used
for food storage…”
https://nativelongisland.com/listing/stephen-talkhouse-pharoah-house/
From the "Bulletin of the Massachusetts Archaeological Society," Vol. 23,
Nos. 3 and 4
Massachusetts Archaeological Society (July 1962):
“These underground
barns have been opened or reported in modern times in such widely scattered
places as the Connecticut Valley of Massachusetts and Vermont, Ware River
Valley, Sudbury Valley, Plymouth County, South Woodstock, Connecticut, and
Kennebec Valley in Maine. Occasionally, the character of the contents is still
identifiable. Storage pits have been frequently referred to by early writers,
as may be seen by William Bradford's account: In November, 1620, just before
the Pilgrims landed at Plymouth, they ran into storages on Cape Cod, under
"heap's'of sand newly padled with their hands which they, digging up,
found in them diverce faire Indean baskets filled with corne, and in some
eares, faire and good, of diverce collours . . . a very goodly sight," for
which, at a later date the newcomers gave them "full satisfaction . . . to
their good contente."
Other early
commentators record the presence and use of earth storages on Long Island (very
numerous in 1642), in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, and in Southern Maine.
However, none have been recorded in Maine east of the Penobscot, (Burrage).
By what
characteristics would an archaeologist recognize such an Indian storage pit?
A number of early explorers and colonists have described
vividly such storages here in Massachusetts. The record of Champlain, on Cape
Cod, is admirably clear (1604): "They make trenches in the sand on the
slope of the hills, some five or six feet deep, more or less. Putting their
corn and other grains into large grass sacks, they throw them into these
trenches, and cover them with sand three or four feet above the surface of the
earth, taking it out as their needs require. In this way it is preserved as
well as it would be possible to do in our granaries."
Morton, in his New
England Canaan, adds details: "Their barns are holes made in the earth,
that will hold a Hogshead of corne a peece in them. In these, (when their corne
is out of the huske and well dried) they lay their store in greate baskets ...
with mats under, about the sides, and on the top; and putting it into the place
made for it, they cover it with earth."
John Winthrop, Jr.,
Governor of Connecticut (1657), mentions that their underground barns were
"well lined with withered Grass and with Matts" before being covered.
The contents, he observes, "Kept very well." Wood, in his New England
Prospect (1634) reports a slightly different practice: "Their corne being
ripe, they gather it and drying it harde in the sun conveigh it to their
barnes, which be great holes digged in the ground in the form of a brasse pot
seeled with the rinds" (bark) "of trees."
https://vc.bridgew.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1088&context=bmas
“Pre-contact basketry was intimately related to women's
subsistence and economic activities which centered on the production and
distribution of food, and it is this cultural feature that enabled women to
accumulate wealth and positions of cultural authority. The household/clan/com economy of the
pre-contact Algonquin coincided with the "Old Birch-bark Hunting
Culture" in which women were skilled experts in birch-bark technology.
Using birch bark, women erected quick and efficient shelters, made light-weight
waterproof utensils and covers for canoe frames (Butler and Hadlock 7). Few
original birch-bark articles have survived; however, colonial records describe
several uses of birch-bark construction that played significant economic roles
within women' s com and household economy. Because birch-bark is durable,
waterproof, odorless, tasteless and resistant to decay, it protects stored
items, such as food, from spoiling. "Equally important was the fact that
enough birch-bark for the Indian's needs was almost always just outside their
wigwams" (Butler and Hadlock 6-7). Birch-bark was symbiotic with Algonquin
women's com economy; for example, women used sheets of birch-bark to sun-dry
their com, they stored dried com in bushel size birch-bark baskets, and they
lined the underground walls of their "Indian
barns" (underground granary) with birch-bark…”
From Fishing Weirs to Fancy Baskets: How Changes in Native American
Basketry Forms Reflect Changes in the Economic Independence of Native American
Women during Colonization - Heidi J. Pickering (2010)
https://creativematter.skidmore.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1074&context=mals_stu_schol
From "Native Tech:"
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